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2018 ; 115
(19
): 4827-4832
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Glassy dynamics of landscape evolution
#MMPMID29686102
Ferdowsi B
; Ortiz CP
; Jerolmack DJ
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2018[May]; 115
(19
): 4827-4832
PMID29686102
show ga
Soil creeps imperceptibly downhill, but also fails catastrophically to create
landslides. Despite the importance of these processes as hazards and in sculpting
landscapes, there is no agreed-upon model that captures the full range of
behavior. Here we examine the granular origins of hillslope soil transport by
discrete element method simulations and reanalysis of measurements in natural
landscapes. We find creep for slopes below a critical gradient, where average
particle velocity (sediment flux) increases exponentially with friction
coefficient (gradient). At critical gradient there is a continuous transition to
a dense-granular flow rheology. Slow earthflows and landslides thus exhibit
glassy dynamics characteristic of a wide range of disordered materials; they are
described by a two-phase flux equation that emerges from grain-scale friction
alone. This glassy model reproduces topographic profiles of natural hillslopes,
showing its promise for predicting hillslope evolution over geologic timescales.