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2016 ; 11
(3
): e0151774
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Gestalt Reasoning with Conjunctions and Disjunctions
#MMPMID26986760
Dumitru ML
; Joergensen GH
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(3
): e0151774
PMID26986760
show ga
Reasoning, solving mathematical equations, or planning written and spoken
sentences all must factor in stimuli perceptual properties. Indeed, thinking
processes are inspired by and subsequently fitted to concrete objects and
situations. It is therefore reasonable to expect that the mental representations
evoked when people solve these seemingly abstract tasks should interact with the
properties of the manipulated stimuli. Here, we investigated the mental
representations evoked by conjunction and disjunction expressions in
language-picture matching tasks. We hypothesised that, if these representations
have been derived using key Gestalt principles, reasoners should use perceptual
compatibility to gauge the goodness of fit between conjunction/disjunction
descriptions (e.g., the purple and/ or the green) and corresponding binary visual
displays. Indeed, the results of three experimental studies demonstrate that
reasoners associate conjunction descriptions with perceptually-dependent stimuli
and disjunction descriptions with perceptually-independent stimuli, where visual
dependency status follows the key Gestalt principles of common fate, proximity,
and similarity.
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