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Germline and Pluripotent Stem Cells
#MMPMID26525151
Reik W
; Surani MA
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol
2015[Nov]; 7
(11
): ä PMID26525151
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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in the germline and imprinting
cycle. Germ cells show extensive epigenetic programming in preparation for the
generation of the totipotent state, which in turn leads to the establishment of
pluripotent cells in blastocysts. The latter are the cells from which pluripotent
embryonic stem cells are derived and maintained in culture. Following blastocyst
implantation, postimplantation epiblast cells develop, which give rise to all
somatic cells as well as primordial germ cells, the precursors of sperm and eggs.
Pluripotent stem cells in culture can be induced to undergo differentiation into
somatic cells and germ cells in culture. Understanding the natural cycles of
epigenetic reprogramming that occur in the germline will allow the generation of
better and more versatile stem cells for both therapeutic and research purposes.
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