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2015 ; 24
(22
): 6540-51
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Genetic dissection of the Down syndrome critical region
#MMPMID26374847
Jiang X
; Liu C
; Yu T
; Zhang L
; Meng K
; Xing Z
; Belichenko PV
; Kleschevnikov AM
; Pao A
; Peresie J
; Wie S
; Mobley WC
; Yu YE
Hum Mol Genet
2015[Nov]; 24
(22
): 6540-51
PMID26374847
show ga
Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy 21, is the most common chromosomal disorder
associated with developmental cognitive deficits. Despite intensive efforts, the
genetic mechanisms underlying developmental cognitive deficits remain poorly
understood, and no treatment has been proven effective. The previous mouse-based
experiments suggest that the so-called Down syndrome critical region of human
chromosome 21 is an important region for this phenotype, which is demarcated by
Setd4/Cbr1 and Fam3b/Mx2. We first confirmed the importance of the Cbr1-Fam3b
region using compound mutant mice, which carry a duplication spanning the entire
human chromosome 21 orthologous region on mouse chromosome 16 [Dp(16)1Yey] and
Ms1Rhr. By dividing the Setd4-Mx2 region into complementary Setd4-Kcnj6 and
Kcnj15-Mx2 intervals, we started an unbiased dissection through generating and
analyzing Dp(16)1Yey/Df(16Setd4-Kcnj6)Yey and Dp(16)1Yey/Df(16Kcnj15-Mx2)Yey
mice. Surprisingly, the Dp(16)1Yey-associated cognitive phenotypes were not
rescued by either deletion in the compound mutants, suggesting the possible
presence of at least one causative gene in each of the two regions. The partial
rescue by a Dyrk1a mutation in a compound mutant carrying Dp(16)1Yey and the
Dyrk1a mutation confirmed the causative role of Dyrk1a, whereas the absence of a
similar rescue by Df(16Dyrk1a-Kcnj6)Yey in Dp(16)1Yey/Df(16Dyrk1a-Kcnj6)Yey mice
demonstrated the importance of Kcnj6. Our results revealed the high levels of
complexities of gene actions and interactions associated with the
Setd4/Cbr1-Fam3b/Mx2 region as well as their relationship with developmental
cognitive deficits in DS.