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2016 ; 18
(12
): 124
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Genetic Risk Factors for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke
#MMPMID27796860
Chauhan G
; Debette S
Curr Cardiol Rep
2016[Dec]; 18
(12
): 124
PMID27796860
show ga
Understanding the genetic risk factors for stroke is an essential step to
decipher the underlying mechanisms, facilitate the identification of novel
therapeutic targets, and optimize the design of prevention strategies. A very
small proportion of strokes are attributable to monogenic conditions, the vast
majority being multifactorial, with multiple genetic and environmental risk
factors of small effect size. Genome-wide association studies and large
international consortia have been instrumental in finding genetic risk factors
for stroke. While initial studies identified risk loci for specific stroke
subtypes, more recent studies also revealed loci associated with all stroke and
all ischemic stroke. Risk loci for ischemic stroke and its subtypes have been
implicated in atrial fibrillation (PITX2 and ZFHX3), coronary artery disease
(ABO, chr9p21, HDAC9, and ALDH2), blood pressure (ALDH2 and HDAC9), pericyte and
smooth muscle cell development (FOXF2), coagulation (HABP2), carotid plaque
formation (MMP12), and neuro-inflammation (TSPAN2). For hemorrhagic stroke, two
loci (APOE and PMF1) have been identified.
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