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2018 ; 9
(13
): 2249-2265
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Gene Expression Detection Assay for Cancer Clinical Use
#MMPMID30026820
Narrandes S
; Xu W
J Cancer
2018[]; 9
(13
): 2249-2265
PMID30026820
show ga
Cancer is a genetic disease where genetic variations cause abnormally functioning
genes that appear to alter expression. Proteins, the final products of gene
expression, determine the phenotypes and biological processes. Therefore,
detecting gene expression levels can be used for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and
treatment prediction in a clinical setting. In this review, we investigated six
gene expression assay systems (qRT-PCR, DNA microarray, nCounter, RNA-Seq, FISH,
and tissue microarray) that are currently being used in clinical cancer studies.
Some of these methods are also commonly used in a modified way; for example,
detection of DNA content or protein expression. Herein, we discuss their
principles, sample preparation, design, quantification and sensitivity, data
analysis, time for sample preparation and processing, and cost. We also compared
these methods according to their sample selection, particularly for the
feasibility of using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, which are
routinely archived for clinical cancer studies. We intend to provide a guideline
for choosing an assay method with respect to its oncological applications in a
clinical setting.