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2016 ; 16
(2
): 98-129
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Gene Electrotransfer: A Mechanistic Perspective
#MMPMID27029943
Rosazza C
; Meglic SH
; Zumbusch A
; Rols MP
; Miklavcic D
Curr Gene Ther
2016[]; 16
(2
): 98-129
PMID27029943
show ga
Gene electrotransfer is a powerful method of DNA delivery offering several
medical applications, among the most promising of which are DNA vaccination and
gene therapy for cancer treatment. Electroporation entails the application of
electric fields to cells which then experience a local and transient change of
membrane permeability. Although gene electrotransfer has been extensively studied
in in vitro and in vivo environments, the mechanisms by which DNA enters and
navigates through cells are not fully understood. Here we present a comprehensive
review of the body of knowledge concerning gene electrotransfer that has been
accumulated over the last three decades. For that purpose, after briefly
reviewing the medical applications that gene electrotransfer can provide, we
outline membrane electropermeabilization, a key process for the delivery of DNA
and smaller molecules. Since gene electrotransfer is a multipart process, we
proceed our review in describing step by step our current understanding, with
particular emphasis on DNA internalization and intracellular trafficking.
Finally, we turn our attention to in vivo testing and methodology for gene
electrotransfer.
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