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Gastrointestinal Behçet s disease: a review
#MMPMID25852265
Skef W
; Hamilton MJ
; Arayssi T
World J Gastroenterol
2015[Apr]; 21
(13
): 3801-12
PMID25852265
show ga
Behçet's disease (BD) is an idiopathic, chronic, relapsing, multi-systemic
vasculitis characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, ocular
disease and skin lesions. Prevalence of BD is highest in countries along the
ancient silk road from the Mediterranean basin to East Asia. By comparison, the
prevalence in North American and Northern European countries is low.
Gastrointestinal manifestations of Behçet's disease are of particular importance
as they are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although
ileocecal involvement is most commonly described, BD may involve any segment of
the intestinal tract as well as the various organs within the gastrointestinal
system. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria - there are no pathognomonic
laboratory tests. Methods for monitoring disease activity on therapy are
available but imperfect. Evidence-based treatment strategies are lacking.
Different classes of medications have been successfully used for the treatment of
intestinal BD which include 5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids,
immunomodulators, and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody
therapy. Like inflammatory bowel disease, surgery is reserved for those who are
resistant to medical therapy. A subset of patients have a poor disease course.
Accurate methods to detect these patients and the optimal strategy for their
treatment are not known at this time.
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