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2017 ; 8
(2
): 90-99
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GEFs: Dual regulation of Rac1 signaling
#MMPMID27314616
Marei H
; Malliri A
Small GTPases
2017[Apr]; 8
(2
): 90-99
PMID27314616
show ga
GEFs play a critical role in regulating Rac1 signaling. They serve as signaling
nodes converting upstream signals into downstream Rac1-driven cellular responses.
Through associating with membrane-bound Rac1, GEFs facilitate the exchange of GDP
for GTP, thereby activating Rac1. As a result, Rac1 undergoes conformational
changes that mediate its interaction with downstream effectors, linking Rac1 to a
multitude of physiological and pathological processes. Interestingly, there are
at least 20 GEFs involved in Rac1 activation, suggesting a more complex role of
GEFs in regulating Rac1 signaling apart from promoting the exchange of GDP for
GTP. Indeed, accumulating evidence implicates GEFs in directing the specificity
of Rac1-driven signaling cascades, although the underlying mechanisms were poorly
defined. Recently, through conducting a comparative study, we highlighted the
role of 2 Rac-specific GEFs, Tiam1 and P-Rex1, in dictating the biological
outcome downstream of Rac1. Importantly, further proteomic analysis uncovered a
GEF activity-independent function for both GEFs in modulating the Rac1
interactome, which results in the stimulation of GEF-specific signaling cascades.
Here, we provide an overview of our recent findings and discuss the role of GEFs
as master regulators of Rac1 signaling with a particular focus on GEF-mediated
modulation of cell migration following Rac1 activation.
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