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2016 ; 3
(1
): 67-104
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Functions and Mechanisms of Sleep
#MMPMID28413828
Zielinski MR
; McKenna JT
; McCarley RW
AIMS Neurosci
2016[]; 3
(1
): 67-104
PMID28413828
show ga
Sleep is a complex physiological process that is regulated globally, regionally,
and locally by both cellular and molecular mechanisms. It occurs to some extent
in all animals, although sleep expression in lower animals may be co-extensive
with rest. Sleep regulation plays an intrinsic part in many behavioral and
physiological functions. Currently, all researchers agree there is no single
physiological role sleep serves. Nevertheless, it is quite evident that sleep is
essential for many vital functions including development, energy conservation,
brain waste clearance, modulation of immune responses, cognition, performance,
vigilance, disease, and psychological state. This review details the
physiological processes involved in sleep regulation and the possible functions
that sleep may serve. This description of the brain circuitry, cell types, and
molecules involved in sleep regulation is intended to further the reader's
understanding of the functions of sleep.