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2017 ; 7
(1
): 4932
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Functional determinants of protein assembly into homomeric complexes
#MMPMID28694495
Bergendahl LT
; Marsh JA
Sci Rep
2017[Jul]; 7
(1
): 4932
PMID28694495
show ga
Approximately half of proteins with experimentally determined structures can
interact with other copies of themselves and assemble into homomeric complexes,
the overwhelming majority of which (>96%) are symmetric. Although homomerisation
is often assumed to a functionally beneficial result of evolutionary selection,
there has been little systematic analysis of the relationship between homomer
structure and function. Here, utilizing the large numbers of structures and
functional annotations now available, we have investigated how proteins that
assemble into different types of homomers are associated with different
biological functions. We observe that homomers from different symmetry groups are
significantly enriched in distinct functions, and can often provide simple
physical and geometrical explanations for these associations in regards to
substrate recognition or physical environment. One of the strongest associations
is the tendency for metabolic enzymes to form dihedral complexes, which we
suggest is closely related to allosteric regulation. We provide a physical
explanation for why allostery is related to dihedral complexes: it allows for
efficient propagation of conformational changes across isologous (i.e. symmetric)
interfaces. Overall we demonstrate a clear relationship between protein function
and homomer symmetry that has important implications for understanding protein
evolution, as well as for predicting protein function and quaternary structure.