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2016 ; 21
(ä): 28
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Framework to function: mechanosensitive regulators of gene transcription
#MMPMID28536630
Finch-Edmondson M
; Sudol M
Cell Mol Biol Lett
2016[]; 21
(ä): 28
PMID28536630
show ga
Mechanobiology has shifted our understanding of fundamental cellular and
physiological functions. Changes to the stiffness of the extracellular matrix,
cell rigidity, or shape of the cell environment were considered in the past to be
a consequence of aging or pathological processes. We now understand that these
factors can actually be causative biological mediators of cell growth to control
organ size. Mechanical cues are known to trigger a relatively fast translocation
of specific transcriptional co-factors such as MRTFs, YAP and TAZ from the
cytoplasm to the cell nucleus to initiate discrete transcriptional programs. The
focus of this review is the molecular mechanisms by which biophysical stimuli
that induce changes in cytoplasmic actin dynamics are communicated within cells
to elicit gene-specific transcription via nuclear localisation or activation of
specialized transcription factors, namely MRTFs and the Hippo pathway effectors
YAP and TAZ. We propose here that MRTFs, YAP and TAZ closely collaborate as
mechano-effectors.