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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Exp+Psychol+Learn+Mem+Cogn
2017 ; 43
(3
): 335-349
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Flexible retrieval: When true inferences produce false memories
#MMPMID27918169
Carpenter AC
; Schacter DL
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn
2017[Mar]; 43
(3
): 335-349
PMID27918169
show ga
Episodic memory involves flexible retrieval processes that allow us to link
together distinct episodes, make novel inferences across overlapping events, and
recombine elements of past experiences when imagining future events. However, the
same flexible retrieval and recombination processes that underpin these adaptive
functions may also leave memory prone to error or distortion, such as source
misattributions in which details of one event are mistakenly attributed to
another related event. To determine whether the same recombination-related
retrieval mechanism supports both successful inference and source memory errors,
we developed a modified version of an associative inference paradigm in which
participants encoded everyday scenes comprised of people, objects, and other
contextual details. These scenes contained overlapping elements (AB, BC) that
could later be linked to support novel inferential retrieval regarding elements
that had not appeared together previously (AC). Our critical experimental
manipulation concerned whether contextual details were probed before or after the
associative inference test, thereby allowing us to assess whether (a) false
memories increased for successful versus unsuccessful inferences, and (b) any
such effects were specific to after compared with before participants received
the inference test. In each of 4 experiments that used variants of this paradigm,
participants were more susceptible to false memories for contextual details after
successful than unsuccessful inferential retrieval, but only when contextual
details were probed after the associative inference test. These results suggest
that the retrieval-mediated recombination mechanism that underlies associative
inference also contributes to source misattributions that result from combining
elements of distinct episodes. (PsycINFO Database Record
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