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10.1038/ncomms10698 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/ncomms10698 C4766389!4766389 !26906881     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26906881 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Nat+Commun 2016 ; 7 (ä): 10698 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26906881 |t=2016. Fear of large carnivores causes a trophic cascade |pdf=|usr=}}{{26906881 }} gab.com Text Fear of large carnivores causes a trophic cascade JO: Nat Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26906881 #FOAvip The fear large carnivores inspire, independent of their direct killing of prey, may itself cause cascading effects down food webs potentially critical for conserving ecosystem function, particularly by affecting large herbivores and mesocarnivores. However, the evidence of this has been repeatedly challenged because it remains experimentally untested. Here we show that experimentally manipulating fear itself in free-living mesocarnivore (raccoon) populations using month-long playbacks of large carnivore vocalizations caused just such cascading effects, reducing mesocarnivore foraging to the benefit of the mesocarnivore's prey, which in turn affected a competitor and prey of the mesocarnivore's prey. We further report that by experimentally restoring the fear of large carnivores in our study system, where most large carnivores have been extirpated, we succeeded in reversing this mesocarnivore's impacts. We suggest that our results reinforce the need to conserve large carnivores given the significant "ecosystem service" the fear of them provides. Twit Text FOAVip Fear of large carnivores causes a trophic cascade ????Nat Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26906881 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26906881 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26906881 }}</ref> Fear of large carnivores causes a trophic cascade #MMPMID26906881 Suraci JP ; Clinchy M ; Dill LM ; Roberts D ; Zanette LY Nat Commun 2016[Feb]; 7 (ä): 10698 PMID26906881 show ga The fear large carnivores inspire, independent of their direct killing of prey, may itself cause cascading effects down food webs potentially critical for conserving ecosystem function, particularly by affecting large herbivores and mesocarnivores. However, the evidence of this has been repeatedly challenged because it remains experimentally untested. Here we show that experimentally manipulating fear itself in free-living mesocarnivore (raccoon) populations using month-long playbacks of large carnivore vocalizations caused just such cascading effects, reducing mesocarnivore foraging to the benefit of the mesocarnivore's prey, which in turn affected a competitor and prey of the mesocarnivore's prey. We further report that by experimentally restoring the fear of large carnivores in our study system, where most large carnivores have been extirpated, we succeeded in reversing this mesocarnivore's impacts. We suggest that our results reinforce the need to conserve large carnivores given the significant "ecosystem service" the fear of them provides. |*Behavior, Animal [MESH] |*Caniformia [MESH] |*Competitive Behavior [MESH] |*Dogs [MESH] |*Fear [MESH] |*Predatory Behavior [MESH] |*Raccoons [MESH] |*Vocalization, Animal [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Carnivora [MESH] |Ecosystem [MESH]Fear of large carnivores causes a trophic cascade (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing