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2015 ; 6
(6
): 707-17
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Extracutaneous melanomas: a primer for the radiologist
#MMPMID26334521
Keraliya AR
; Krajewski KM
; Braschi-Amirfarzan M
; Tirumani SH
; Shinagare AB
; Jagannathan JP
; Ramaiya NH
Insights Imaging
2015[Dec]; 6
(6
): 707-17
PMID26334521
show ga
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of
the imaging features of extracutaneous melanomas. CONCLUSION: Extracutaneous
melanomas are clinically and biologically distinct from their more common
cutaneous counterpart with higher frequency of metastatic disease and poorer
overall prognosis. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice whenever
possible; systemic therapy in the form of conventional chemotherapeutic agents as
well as novel targeted agents is used for advanced/ metastatic disease. Multiple
imaging modalities including US, CT, MRI and FDG-PET/CT play important roles in
the evaluation of the primary tumour, assessment of metastatic disease and
monitoring response to treatment. Radiologists should be aware of the typical
imaging manifestations of extracutaneous melanoma, the distinct patterns of
metastatic involvement as well as treatment response and toxicities associated
with newer molecular targeted and immunotherapies to optimally contribute to
patient management. TEACHING POINTS: ? Mucosal melanoma is clinically and
biologically distinct from cutaneous melanoma. ? Mucosal melanoma has a higher
rate of metastatic disease than the cutaneous subtype. ? Imaging is helpful in
assessment of disease and response to treatment.
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