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2018 ; 103
(3
): 382-394
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Extracellular vesicles in the hematopoietic microenvironment
#MMPMID29439185
Butler JT
; Abdelhamed S
; Kurre P
Haematologica
2018[Mar]; 103
(3
): 382-394
PMID29439185
show ga
Self-renewal and differentiation are defining characteristics of hematopoietic
stem and progenitor cells, and their balanced regulation is central to lifelong
function of both blood and immune systems. In addition to cell-intrinsic
programs, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell fate decisions are subject to
extrinsic cues from within the bone marrow microenvironment and systemically.
Yet, many of the paracrine and endocrine mediators that shape hematopoietic
function remain to be discovered. Extracellular vesicles serve as evolutionarily
conserved, constitutive regulators of cell and tissue homeostasis, with several
recent reports supporting a role for extracellular vesicles in the regulation of
hematopoiesis. We review the physiological and pathophysiological effects that
extracellular vesicles have on bone marrow compartmental function while
highlighting progress in understanding vesicle biogenesis, cargo incorporation,
differential uptake, and downstream effects of vesicle internalization. This
review also touches on the role of extracellular vesicles in hematopoietic stem
and progenitor cell fate regulation and recent advances in therapeutic and
diagnostic applications of extracellular vesicles in hematologic disorders.