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2018 ; 9
(ä): 721
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Extracellular Vesicles: Packages Sent With Complement
#MMPMID29696020
Karasu E
; Eisenhardt SU
; Harant J
; Huber-Lang M
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 721
PMID29696020
show ga
Cells communicate with other cells in their microenvironment by transferring
lipids, peptides, RNA, and sugars in extracellular vesicles (EVs), thereby also
influencing recipient cell functions. Several studies indicate that these
vesicles are involved in a variety of critical cellular processes including
immune, metabolic, and coagulatory responses and are thereby associated with
several inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, EVs also possess anti-inflammatory
properties and contribute to immune regulation, thus encouraging an emerging
interest in investigating and clarifying mechanistic links between EVs and innate
immunity. Current studies indicate complex interactions of the complement system
with EVs, with a dramatic influence on local and systemic inflammation. During
inflammatory conditions with highly activated complement, including after severe
tissue trauma and during sepsis, elevated numbers of EVs were found in the
circulation of patients. There is increasing evidence that these shed vesicles
contain key complement factors as well as complement regulators on their surface,
affecting inflammation and the course of disease. Taken together, interaction of
EVs regulates complement activity and contributes to the pro- and
anti-inflammatory immune balance. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this
interaction remain elusive and require further investigation. The aim of this
review is to summarize the limited current knowledge on the crosstalk between
complement and EVs. A further aspect is the clinical relevance of EVs with an
emphasis on their capacity as potential therapeutic vehicles in the field of
translational medicine.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Biomarkers
[MESH]
|Blood Coagulation
[MESH]
|Complement Activation/immunology
[MESH]
|Complement System Proteins/*immunology/*metabolism
[MESH]
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