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2017 ; 7
(17
): 4168-4182
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Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Theranostics
#MMPMID29158817
Bei Y
; Das S
; Rodosthenous RS
; Holvoet P
; Vanhaverbeke M
; Monteiro MC
; Monteiro VVS
; Radosinska J
; Bartekova M
; Jansen F
; Li Q
; Rajasingh J
; Xiao J
Theranostics
2017[]; 7
(17
): 4168-4182
PMID29158817
show ga
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small bilayer lipid membrane vesicles that can
be released by most cell types and detected in most body fluids. EVs exert key
functions for intercellular communication via transferring their bioactive cargos
to recipient cells or activating signaling pathways in target cells. Increasing
evidence has shown the important regulatory effects of EVs in cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs). EVs secreted by cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts,
and stem cells play essential roles in pathophysiological processes such as
cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte survival and apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, and
angiogenesis in relation to CVDs. In this review, we will first outline the
current knowledge about the physical characteristics, biological contents, and
isolation methods of EVs. We will then focus on the functional roles of
cardiovascular EVs and their pathophysiological effects in CVDs, as well as
summarize the potential of EVs as therapeutic agents and biomarkers for CVDs.
Finally, we will discuss the specific application of EVs as a novel drug delivery
system and the utility of EVs in the field of regenerative medicine.