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2014 ; 28
(ä): 14-23
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Extracellular RNA mediates and marks cancer progression
#MMPMID24783980
Redzic JS
; Balaj L
; van der Vos KE
; Breakefield XO
Semin Cancer Biol
2014[Oct]; 28
(ä): 14-23
PMID24783980
show ga
Different types of RNAs identified thus far represent a diverse group of
macromolecules that are involved in the regulation of different biological
processes. RNA is generally thought to be localized primarily in the nucleus and
cytoplasm; however, some types of RNA have been detected in the extracellular
milieu. These extracellular RNA (exRNA) molecules are protected from degradation
and it is now widely accepted that extracellular vesicles and ribonucleoprotein
particles serve as transport vehicles for exRNA among cells. The functional
consequence of this transfer of genetic information probably encompasses a broad
range of normal developmental and physiologic processes in many organisms. This
review will focus on the role of exRNA communication in cancer. We will focus on
different types of RNA species identified and characterized within tumor-derived
extracellular vesicles. Further, we will describe the role of exRNAs in cancer
progression, as well as their potential for use as diagnostic biomarkers and
therapeutic tools for monitoring and treating cancer, respectively.