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Exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface
#MMPMID26891692
Nagata S
; Suzuki J
; Segawa K
; Fujii T
Cell Death Differ
2016[Jun]; 23
(6
): 952-61
PMID26891692
show ga
Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is a phospholipid that is abundant in eukaryotic
plasma membranes. An ATP-dependent enzyme called flippase normally keeps PtdSer
inside the cell, but PtdSer is exposed by the action of scramblase on the cell's
surface in biological processes such as apoptosis and platelet activation. Once
exposed to the cell surface, PtdSer acts as an 'eat me' signal on dead cells, and
creates a scaffold for blood-clotting factors on activated platelets. The
molecular identities of the flippase and scramblase that work at plasma membranes
have long eluded researchers. Indeed, their identity as well as the mechanism of
the PtdSer exposure to the cell surface has only recently been revealed. Here, we
describe how PtdSer is exposed in apoptotic cells and in activated platelets, and
discuss PtdSer exposure in other biological processes.
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