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2017 ; 4
(8
): 170213
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Export of ice nucleating particles from a watershed
#MMPMID28878975
Larsen JA
; Conen F
; Alewell C
R Soc Open Sci
2017[Aug]; 4
(8
): 170213
PMID28878975
show ga
Ice nucleating particles (INP) active at a few degrees below 0°C are produced by
a range of organisms and released into the environment. They may affect cloud
properties and precipitation when becoming airborne. So far, our knowledge about
sources of biological INP is based on grab samples of vegetation, soil or water
studied in the laboratory. By combining measurements of INP concentrations in
river water with river water discharge rates over the course of 16 months, we
obtained a lower limit for the production rate of INP in a watershed covering
most of Switzerland (4?×?10(5)?INP(-8)?m(-2)?d(-1)). Coincidentally, we found
that INP(-8) are likely to retain their potential for catalysing ice formation in
the natural environment for at least several months before they are mobilized by
an intensive rainfall, washed into the river and exported from the watershed.