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2017 ; 149
(1
): 1-36
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Exploring cells with targeted biosensors
#MMPMID28028123
Pendin D
; Greotti E
; Lefkimmiatis K
; Pozzan T
J Gen Physiol
2017[Jan]; 149
(1
): 1-36
PMID28028123
show ga
Cellular signaling networks are composed of multiple pathways, often
interconnected, that form complex networks with great potential for cross-talk.
Signal decoding depends on the nature of the message as well as its amplitude,
temporal pattern, and spatial distribution. In addition, the existence of
membrane-bound organelles, which are both targets and generators of messages, add
further complexity to the system. The availability of sensors that can localize
to specific compartments in live cells and monitor their targets with high
spatial and temporal resolution is thus crucial for a better understanding of
cell pathophysiology. For this reason, over the last four decades, a variety of
strategies have been developed, not only to generate novel and more sensitive
probes for ions, metabolites, and enzymatic activity, but also to selectively
deliver these sensors to specific intracellular compartments. In this review, we
summarize the principles that have been used to target organic or protein sensors
to different cellular compartments and their application to cellular signaling.
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