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2017 ; 18
(10
): 747-756
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Exploiting poly(I:C) to induce cancer cell apoptosis
#MMPMID28881163
Bianchi F
; Pretto S
; Tagliabue E
; Balsari A
; Sfondrini L
Cancer Biol Ther
2017[Oct]; 18
(10
): 747-756
PMID28881163
show ga
TLR3 belong to the Toll-like receptors family, it is mainly expressed on immune
cells where it senses pathogen-associated molecular patterns and initiates innate
immune response. TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) was developed to mimic pathogens
infection and boost immune system activation to promote anti-cancer therapy.
Accordingly, TLR agonists were included in the National Cancer Institute list of
immunotherapeutic agents with the highest potential to cure cancer. Besides well
known effects on immune cells, poly(I:C) was also shown, in experimental models,
to directly induce apoptosis in cancer cells expressing TLR3. This review
presents the current knowledge on the mechanism of poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis in
cancer cells. Experimental evidences on positive or negative regulators of
TLR3-mediated apoptosis induced by poly(I:C) are reported and strategies are
proposed to successfully promote this event in cancer cells. Cancer cells
apoptosis is an additional arm offered by poly(I:C), besides activation of immune
system, for the treatment of various type of cancer. A further dissection of TLR3
signaling would contribute to greater resolution of the critical steps that
impede full exploitation of the poly(I:C)-induced apoptosis. Experimental
evidences about negative regulator of poly(I:C)-induced apoptotic program should
be considered in combinations with TLR3 agonists in clinical trials.
|Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]