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Experiments testing macroscopic quantum superpositions must be slow
#MMPMID26959656
Mari A
; De Palma G
; Giovannetti V
Sci Rep
2016[Mar]; 6
(?): 22777
PMID26959656
show ga
We consider a thought experiment where the preparation of a macroscopically
massive or charged particle in a quantum superposition and the associated
dynamics of a distant test particle apparently allow for superluminal
communication. We give a solution to the paradox which is based on the following
fundamental principle: any local experiment, discriminating a coherent
superposition from an incoherent statistical mixture, necessarily requires a
minimum time proportional to the mass (or charge) of the system. For a charged
particle, we consider two examples of such experiments, and show that they are
both consistent with the previous limitation. In the first, the measurement
requires to accelerate the charge, that can entangle with the emitted photons. In
the second, the limitation can be ascribed to the quantum vacuum fluctuations of
the electromagnetic field. On the other hand, when applied to massive particles
our result provides an indirect evidence for the existence of gravitational
vacuum fluctuations and for the possibility of entangling a particle with quantum
gravitational radiation.