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2017 ; 87
(6
): 412-422
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Expanding Genetic and Functional Diagnoses of IGF1R Haploinsufficiencies
#MMPMID28395282
Ocaranza P
; Golekoh MC
; Andrew SF
; Guo MH
; Kaplowitz P
; Saal H
; Rosenfeld RG
; Dauber A
; Cassorla F
; Backeljauw PF
; Hwa V
Horm Res Paediatr
2017[]; 87
(6
): 412-422
PMID28395282
show ga
BACKGROUND: The growth-promoting effects of IGF-I is mediated through the IGF-I
receptor (IGF1R), a widely expressed cell-surface tyrosine kinase receptor. IGF1R
copy number variants (CNV) can cause pre- and postnatal growth restriction or
overgrowth. METHODS: Whole exome sequence (WES), chromosomal microarray, and
targeted IGF1R gene analyses were performed on 3 unrelated children who share
features of small for gestational age, short stature, and elevated serum IGF-I,
but otherwise had clinical heterogeneity. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting
(FACS) analysis of cell-surface IGF1R was performed on live primary cells derived
from the patients. RESULTS: Two novel IGF1R CNV and a heterozygous IGF1R nonsense
variant were identified in the 3 patients. One CNV (4.492 Mb) was successfully
called from WES, utilizing eXome-Hidden Markov Model (XHMM) analysis. FACS
analysis of cell-surface IGF1R on live primary cells derived from the patients
demonstrated a ?50% reduction in IGF1R availability associated with the
haploinsufficiency state. CONCLUSION: In addition to conventional methods, IGF1R
CNV can be identified from WES data. FACS analysis of live primary cells is a
promising method for efficiently evaluating and screening for IGF1R
haploinsufficiency. Further investigations are necessary to delineate how
comparable IGF1R availability leads to the wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes
and variable responsiveness to rhGH therapy.