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Exosomes: New players in cancer (Review)
#MMPMID28627679
Guo W
; Gao Y
; Li N
; Shao F
; Wang C
; Wang P
; Yang Z
; Li R
; He J
Oncol Rep
2017[Aug]; 38
(2
): 665-675
PMID28627679
show ga
The past decade has witnessed an exponential increase in research on exosomes.
For many years considered to be extracellular debris, exosomes are now considered
important mediators in intercellular communication. The capability of exosomes to
transfer proteins, DNA, mRNA, as well as non-coding RNAs has made them an
attractive focus of research into the pathogenesis of different diseases,
including cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor cells release a large
sum of exosomes, which may not only influence proximal tumor cells and stromal
cells in local microenvironment, but also can exert systemic effects when
participating in blood circulation. In this study, we review the current
understanding on this topic. The literature outlines two broad facets of exosomes
in cancer: 1) promotion of tumor growth, tumorigenesis, tumor angiogenesis, tumor
immune escape, drug resistance, and metastasis and 2) their role as promising
biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and even as potential treatment targets for
cancer patients.
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