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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Hepatol
2016 ; 65
(1
): 213-221
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Exosomes in liver pathology
#MMPMID26988731
Sato K
; Meng F
; Glaser S
; Alpini G
J Hepatol
2016[Jul]; 65
(1
): 213-221
PMID26988731
show ga
Exosomes are small (?100nm) membrane-bound extracellular vesicles released by
various types of cells into biological fluids. They contain proteins, mRNAs and
miRNAs as cargo. Different cell types can take up exosomes by endocytosis and the
cargo contained within them can be transferred horizontally to these recipient
cells. Exosomal proteins and miRNAs can be functional and regulate physiological
cell events modifying the microenvironment in target cells, a key event of liver
pathology. Exosome-mediated cell-cell communication can alter tumor growth, cell
migration, antiviral infection and hepatocyte regeneration, indicating that
exosomes have great potential for development as diagnostic or therapeutic tools.
Analyses of circulating total or exosomal miRNAs have identified a large number
of candidate miRNAs that are regulated in liver diseases, and the diagnostic
testing using single or multiple miRNAs shows good sensitivity and specificity.
Some candidate miRNAs have been identified to play an important role in various
liver disorders. This review summarizes recent findings on the role of
extracellular vesicles in liver diseases and their diagnostic and therapeutic
potential, mainly focusing on exosomes but also includes microvesicles in liver
pathology.
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