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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 435160
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Exhaled Breath Condensate: Technical and Diagnostic Aspects
#MMPMID26106641
Konstantinidi EM
; Lappas AS
; Tzortzi AS
; Behrakis PK
ScientificWorldJournal
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 435160
PMID26106641
show ga
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 30-year progress of research
on exhaled breath condensate in a disease-based approach. METHODS: We searched
PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the following keywords:
exhaled breath condensate (EBC), biomarkers, pH, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux
(GERD), smoking, COPD, lung cancer, NSCLC, mechanical ventilation, cystic
fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,
interstitial lung diseases, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and drugs. RESULTS: We
found 12600 related articles in total in Google Scholar, 1807 in ScienceDirect,
and 1081 in PubMed/Medline, published from 1980 to October 2014. 228 original
investigation and review articles were eligible. CONCLUSIONS: There is rapidly
increasing number of innovative articles, covering all the areas of modern
respiratory medicine and expanding EBC potential clinical applications to other
fields of internal medicine. However, the majority of published papers represent
the results of small-scale studies and thus current knowledge must be further
evaluated in large cohorts. In regard to the potential clinical use of
EBC-analysis, several limitations must be pointed out, including poor
reproducibility of biomarkers and absence of large surveys towards determination
of reference-normal values. In conclusion, contemporary EBC-analysis is an
intriguing achievement, but still in early stage when it comes to its application
in clinical practice.