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2016 ; 8
(3
): 562-77
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Evolutionary Insights into RNA trans-Splicing in Vertebrates
#MMPMID26966239
Lei Q
; Li C
; Zuo Z
; Huang C
; Cheng H
; Zhou R
Genome Biol Evol
2016[Mar]; 8
(3
): 562-77
PMID26966239
show ga
Pre-RNA splicing is an essential step in generating mature mRNA. RNA
trans-splicing combines two separate pre-mRNA molecules to form a chimeric
non-co-linear RNA, which may exert a function distinct from its original
molecules. Trans-spliced RNAs may encode novel proteins or serve as noncoding or
regulatory RNAs. These novel RNAs not only increase the complexity of the
proteome but also provide new regulatory mechanisms for gene expression. An
increasing amount of evidence indicates that trans-splicing occurs frequently in
both physiological and pathological processes. In addition, mRNA reprogramming
based on trans-splicing has been successfully applied in RNA-based therapies for
human genetic diseases. Nevertheless, clarifying the extent and evolution of
trans-splicing in vertebrates and developing detection methods for trans-splicing
remain challenging. In this review, we summarize previous research, highlight
recent advances in trans-splicing, and discuss possible splicing mechanisms and
functions from an evolutionary viewpoint.