Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26677413
&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26677413
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Ann+Occup+Environ+Med
2015 ; 27
(ä): 30
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Evaluation and management of lead exposure
#MMPMID26677413
Kim HC
; Jang TW
; Chae HJ
; Choi WJ
; Ha MN
; Ye BJ
; Kim BG
; Jeon MJ
; Kim SY
; Hong YS
Ann Occup Environ Med
2015[]; 27
(ä): 30
PMID26677413
show ga
Lead, which is widely used in industry, is a common element found in low
concentrations in the Earth's crust. Implementations to reduce environmental lead
concentrations have resulted in a considerable reduction of lead levels in the
environment (air) and a sustained reduction in the blood lead levels of the
average citizen. However, people are still being exposed to lead through a
variety of routes in everyday commodities. Lead causes health problems such as
toxicity of the liver, kidneys, hematopoietic system, and nervous system. Having
a carcinogenic risk as well, the IARC classifies inorganic lead compounds as
probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). Occupational lead poisonings have
decreased due to the efforts to reduce the lead concentrations in the working
environment. In contrast, health hazards associated with long-term environmental
exposure to low concentrations of lead have been reported steadily. In
particular, chronic exposure to low concentrations of lead has been reported to
induce cognitive behavioral disturbances in children. It is almost impossible to
remove lead completely from the human body, and it is not easy to treat health
hazards due to lead exposure. Therefore, reduction and prevention of lead
exposure are very important. We reviewed the toxicity and health hazards,
monitoring and evaluation, and management of lead exposure.