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2016 ; 31
(7
): 1055-60
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Epigenetics mechanisms in renal development
#MMPMID26493068
Hilliard SA
; El-Dahr SS
Pediatr Nephrol
2016[Jul]; 31
(7
): 1055-60
PMID26493068
show ga
Appreciation for the role of epigenetic modifications in the diagnosis and
treatment of diseases is fast gaining attention. Treatment of chronic kidney
disease stemming from diabetes or hypertension as well as Wilms tumor will all
profit from knowledge of the changes in the epigenomic landscapes. To do so, it
is essential to characterize the epigenomic modifiers and their modifications
under normal physiological conditions. The transcription factor Pax2 was
identified as a major epigenetic player in the early specification of the kidney.
Notably, the progenitors of all nephrons that reside in the cap mesenchyme
display a unique bivalent histone signature (expressing repressive epigenetic
marks alongside activation marks) on lineage-specific genes. These cells are
deemed poised for differentiation and commitment to the nephrogenic lineage. In
response to the appropriate inducing signal, these genes lose their repressive
histone marks, which allow for their expression in nascent nephron precursors.
Such knowledge of the epigenetic landscape and the resultant cell fate or
behavior in the developing kidney will greatly improve the overall success in
designing regenerative strategies and tissue reprogramming methodologies from
pluripotent cells.
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