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2014 ; 329
(2
): 192-9
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Epigenetic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell aging
#MMPMID25261778
Beerman I
; Rossi DJ
Exp Cell Res
2014[Dec]; 329
(2
): 192-9
PMID25261778
show ga
Aging is invariably associated with alterations of the hematopoietic stem cell
(HSC) compartment, including loss of functional capacity, altered clonal
composition, and changes in lineage contribution. Although accumulation of DNA
damage occurs during HSC aging, it is unlikely such consistent aging phenotypes
could be solely attributed to changes in DNA integrity. Another mechanism by
which heritable traits could contribute to the changes in the functional
potential of aged HSCs is through alterations in the epigenetic landscape of
adult stem cells. Indeed, recent studies on hematopoietic stem cells have
suggested that altered epigenetic profiles are associated with HSC aging and play
a key role in modulating the functional potential of HSCs at different stages
during ontogeny. Even small changes of the epigenetic landscape can lead to
robustly altered expression patterns, either directly by loss of regulatory
control or through indirect, additive effects, ultimately leading to
transcriptional changes of the stem cells. Potential drivers of such changes in
the epigenetic landscape of aged HSCs include proliferative history, DNA damage,
and deregulation of key epigenetic enzymes and complexes. This review will focus
largely on the two most characterized epigenetic marks - DNA methylation and
histone modifications - but will also discuss the potential role of non-coding
RNAs in regulating HSC function during aging.