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2017 ; 7
(1
): 14642
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Epigenetic Transitions and Knotted Solitons in Stretched Chromatin
#MMPMID29116102
Michieletto D
; Orlandini E
; Marenduzzo D
Sci Rep
2017[Nov]; 7
(1
): 14642
PMID29116102
show ga
The spreading and regulation of epigenetic marks on chromosomes is crucial to
establish and maintain cellular identity. Nonetheless, the dynamic mechanism
leading to the establishment and maintenance of tissue-specific, epigenetic
pattern is still poorly understood. In this work we propose, and investigate in
silico, a possible experimental strategy to illuminate the interplay between 3D
chromatin structure and epigenetic dynamics. We consider a set-up where a
reconstituted chromatin fibre is stretched at its two ends (e.g., by laser
tweezers), while epigenetic enzymes (writers) and chromatin-binding proteins
(readers) are flooded into the system. We show that, by tuning the stretching
force and the binding affinity of the readers for chromatin, the fibre undergoes
a sharp transition between a stretched, epigenetically disordered, state and a
crumpled, epigenetically coherent, one. We further investigate the case in which
a knot is tied along the chromatin fibre, and find that the knotted segment
enhances local epigenetic order, giving rise to "epigenetic solitons" which
travel and diffuse along chromatin. Our results point to an intriguing coupling
between 3D chromatin topology and epigenetic dynamics, which may be investigated
via single molecule experiments.