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10.1017/S0950268806007175 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1017/S0950268806007175 C2870528!2870528 !16959053     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\16959053 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Epidemiol+Infect 2006 ; 134 (6 ): 1129-40 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=16959053 |t=2006. Epidemic influenza and vitamin D |pdf=|usr=}}{{16959053 }} gab.com Text Epidemic influenza and vitamin D JO: Epidemiol Infect http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=16959053 #FOAvip In 1981, R. Edgar Hope-Simpson proposed that a 'seasonal stimulus' intimately associated with solar radiation explained the remarkable seasonality of epidemic influenza. Solar radiation triggers robust seasonal vitamin D production in the skin; vitamin D deficiency is common in the winter, and activated vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D, a steroid hormone, has profound effects on human immunity. 1,25(OH)2D acts as an immune system modulator, preventing excessive expression of inflammatory cytokines and increasing the 'oxidative burst' potential of macrophages. Perhaps most importantly, it dramatically stimulates the expression of potent anti-microbial peptides, which exist in neutrophils, monocytes, natural killer cells, and in epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract where they play a major role in protecting the lung from infection. Volunteers inoculated with live attenuated influenza virus are more likely to develop fever and serological evidence of an immune response in the winter. Vitamin D deficiency predisposes children to respiratory infections. Ultraviolet radiation (either from artificial sources or from sunlight) reduces the incidence of viral respiratory infections, as does cod liver oil (which contains vitamin D). An interventional study showed that vitamin D reduces the incidence of respiratory infections in children. We conclude that vitamin D, or lack of it, may be Hope-Simpson's 'seasonal stimulus'. Twit Text FOAVip Epidemic influenza and vitamin D ????Epidemiol Infect http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=16959053 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=16959053 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|16959053 }}</ref> Epidemic influenza and vitamin D #MMPMID16959053 Cannell JJ ; Vieth R ; Umhau JC ; Holick MF ; Grant WB ; Madronich S ; Garland CF ; Giovannucci E Epidemiol Infect 2006[Dec]; 134 (6 ): 1129-40 PMID16959053 show ga In 1981, R. Edgar Hope-Simpson proposed that a 'seasonal stimulus' intimately associated with solar radiation explained the remarkable seasonality of epidemic influenza. Solar radiation triggers robust seasonal vitamin D production in the skin; vitamin D deficiency is common in the winter, and activated vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D, a steroid hormone, has profound effects on human immunity. 1,25(OH)2D acts as an immune system modulator, preventing excessive expression of inflammatory cytokines and increasing the 'oxidative burst' potential of macrophages. Perhaps most importantly, it dramatically stimulates the expression of potent anti-microbial peptides, which exist in neutrophils, monocytes, natural killer cells, and in epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract where they play a major role in protecting the lung from infection. Volunteers inoculated with live attenuated influenza virus are more likely to develop fever and serological evidence of an immune response in the winter. Vitamin D deficiency predisposes children to respiratory infections. Ultraviolet radiation (either from artificial sources or from sunlight) reduces the incidence of viral respiratory infections, as does cod liver oil (which contains vitamin D). An interventional study showed that vitamin D reduces the incidence of respiratory infections in children. We conclude that vitamin D, or lack of it, may be Hope-Simpson's 'seasonal stimulus'. |Humans [MESH] |Influenza Vaccines/therapeutic use [MESH] |Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/prevention & control [MESH] |Ultraviolet Therapy/methods [MESH] |Vitamin D Deficiency/*epidemiology/physiopathology [MESH]Epidemic influenza and vitamin D (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing