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2014 ; 59
(1-3
): 129-41
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Eosinophils and mast cells in leishmaniasis
#MMPMID24838146
Rodríguez NE
; Wilson ME
Immunol Res
2014[Aug]; 59
(1-3
): 129-41
PMID24838146
show ga
Leishmania spp. are parasitic protozoa endemic in tropical and subtropical
regions and the causative agent of leishmaniasis, a collection of syndromes whose
clinical manifestations vary according to host and pathogen factors. Leishmania
spp. are inoculated into the mammalian host by the bite of an infected sand fly,
whereupon they are taken up by phagocytosis, convert into the replicative
amastigote stage within macrophages, reproduce, spread to new macrophages and
cause disease manifestations. A curative response against leishmaniasis depends
in the classical activation of macrophages and the IL-12-dependent onset of an
adaptive type 1 response characterized by the production of IFN-?. Emerging
evidence suggests that neutrophils, dendritic cells and other immune cells can
serve as either temporary or stable hosts for Leishmania spp. Furthermore, it is
becoming apparent that the initial interactions of the parasite with resident or
early recruited immune cells can shape both the macrophage response and the type
of adaptive immune response being induced. In this review, we compile a growing
number of studies demonstrating how the earliest interactions of Leishmania spp.
with eosinophils and mast cells influence the macrophage response to infection
and the development of the adaptive immune response, hence, determining the
ultimate outcome of infection.