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2017 ; 18
(6
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Engineering Exosomes for Cancer Therapy
#MMPMID28538671
Gilligan KE
; Dwyer RM
Int J Mol Sci
2017[May]; 18
(6
): ä PMID28538671
show ga
There remains an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to treat metastatic
cancer, which results in over 8 million deaths annually worldwide. Following
secretion, exosomes are naturally taken up by cells, and capable of the stable
transfer of drugs, therapeutic microRNAs and proteins. As knowledge of the
biogenesis, release and uptake of exosomes continues to evolve, and thus also has
interest in these extracellular vesicles as potential tumor-targeted vehicles for
cancer therapy. The ability to engineer exosome content and migratory itinerary
holds tremendous promise. Studies to date have employed viral and non-viral
methods to engineer the parent cells to secrete modified exosomes, or
alternatively, to directly manipulate exosome content following secretion. The
majority of studies have demonstrated promising results, with decreased tumor
cell invasion, migration and proliferation, along with enhanced immune response,
cell death, and sensitivity to chemotherapy observed. The studies outlined in
this review highlight the exciting potential for exosomes as therapeutic vehicles
for cancer treatment. Successful implementation in the clinical setting will be
dependent upon establishment of rigorous standards for exosome manipulation,
isolation, and characterisation.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Drug Delivery Systems/*methods
[MESH]
|Exosomes/*genetics/immunology
[MESH]
|Genetic Engineering/*methods
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immunotherapy/*methods
[MESH]
|MicroRNAs/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
[MESH]