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2015 ; 35
(2
): 137-44
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Endothelin and renal ion and water transport
#MMPMID25966345
Speed JS
; Fox BM
; Johnston JG
; Pollock DM
Semin Nephrol
2015[Mar]; 35
(2
): 137-44
PMID25966345
show ga
The renal tubular epithelial cells produce more endothelin-1 (ET-1) than any
other cell type in the body. Moving down the nephron, the amount of ET-1 produced
appears fairly consistent until reaching the inner medullary collecting duct,
which produces at least 10 times more ET-1 than any other segment. ET-1 inhibits
Na(+) transport in all parts of the nephron through activation of the ETB
receptor, and, to a minor extent, the ETA receptor. These effects are most
prominent in the collecting duct where ETB-receptor activation inhibits activity
of the epithelial Na(+) channel. Effects in other parts of the nephron include
inhibition of Na(+)/H(+) exchange in the proximal tubule and the Na(+), K(+),
2Cl(-) co-transporter in the thick ascending limb. In general, the renal
epithelial ET-1 system is an integral part of the body's response to a high salt
intake to maintain homeostasis and normal blood pressure. Loss of ETB-receptor
function results in salt-sensitive hypertension. The role of renal ET-1 and how
it affects Na(+) and water transport throughout the nephron is reviewed.
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