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2015 ; 15
(ä): 130
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Endothelial cell control of thrombosis
#MMPMID26481314
Yau JW
; Teoh H
; Verma S
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
2015[Oct]; 15
(ä): 130
PMID26481314
show ga
Hemostasis encompasses a set of tightly regulated processes that govern blood
clotting, platelet activation, and vascular repair. Upon vascular injury, the
hemostatic system initiates a series of vascular events and activates
extravascular receptors that act in concert to seal off the damage. Blood
clotting is subsequently attenuated by a plethora of inhibitors that prevent
excessive clot formation and eventual thrombosis. The endothelium which resides
at the interface between the blood and surrounding tissues, serves an integral
role in the hemostatic system. Depending on specific tissue needs and local
stresses, endothelial cells are capable of evoking either antithrombotic or
prothrombotic events. Healthy endothelial cells express antiplatelet and
anticoagulant agents that prevent platelet aggregation and fibrin formation,
respectively. In the face of endothelial dysfunction, endothelial cells trigger
fibrin formation, as well as platelet adhesion and aggregation. Finally,
endothelial cells release pro-fibrinolytic agents that initiate fibrinolysis to
degrade the clot. Taken together, a functional endothelium is essential to
maintain hemostasis and prevent thrombosis. Thus, a greater understanding into
the role of the endothelium can provide new avenues for exploration and novel
therapies for the management of thromboembolisms.