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2017 ; 6
(1
): 34-41
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Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Management
#MMPMID29276652
Parasar P
; Ozcan P
; Terry KL
Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep
2017[Mar]; 6
(1
): 34-41
PMID29276652
show ga
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Endometriosis is a disease of adolescents and
reproductive-aged women characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue
outside the uterine cavity and commonly associated with chronic pelvic pain and
infertility. Here we review the epidemiology of endometriosis as well as
potential biomarkers for detection and with the goal of highlighting risk factors
that could be used in combination with biomarkers to identify and treat women
with endometriosis earlier.. RECENT FINDINGS: Early age at menarche, shorter
menstrual length, and taller height are associated with a higher risk of
endometriosis while parity, higher body mass index (BMI) and smoking are
associated with decreased risk. Endometriosis often presents as infertility or
continued pelvic pain despite treatment with analgesics and cyclic oral
contraceptive pills. SUMMARY: Despite a range of symptoms, diagnosis of
endometriosis is often delayed due to lack of non-invasive, definitive and
consistent biomarkers for diagnosis of endometriosis. Hormone therapy and
analgesics are used for treatment of symptomatic endometriosis. However, the
efficacy of these treatments are limited as endometriosis often recurs. In this
review, we describe potential diagnostic biomarkers and risk factors that may be
used as early non-invasive in vitro tools for identification of endometriosis to
minimize diagnostic delay and improve reproductive health of patients.