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2016 ; 21
(1
): 15-20
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Endocrine dysfunctions in children with Williams-Beuren syndrome
#MMPMID27104174
Kim YM
; Cho JH
; Kang E
; Kim GH
; Seo EJ
; Lee BH
; Choi JH
; Yoo HW
Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab
2016[Mar]; 21
(1
): 15-20
PMID27104174
show ga
PURPOSE: Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is caused by a hemizygous microdeletion
of chromosome 7q11.23 and is characterized by global cognitive impairment,
dysmorphic facial features, and supravalvular aortic stenosis. Endocrine
dysfunctions have been reported in patients with WBS. This study was performed to
investigate the frequency, clinical features, and outcomes of endocrine
dysfunctions in children with WBS. METHODS: One hundred two patients were
included. The diagnosis was confirmed by chromosome analysis and fluorescent in
situ hybridization. Medical charts were reviewed retrospectively to analyze
endocrine dysfunctions such as short stature, precocious puberty, thyroid
dysfunctions, and hypocalcemia. RESULTS: The age at diagnosis was 3.7±4.4 years
(one month to 19 years). Height- and weight-standard deviation score (SDS) were
-1.1±1.1 and -1.4±1.4 at presentation, respectively. Short stature was found in
26 patients (28.3%) among those older than 2 years. Body mass index-SDS increased
as the patients grew older (P<0.001). Two males and one female (2.9%) were
diagnosed with central precocious puberty. Nine patients (8.8%) were diagnosed
with primary hypothyroidism at age 4.0±4.3 years (one month to 12.1 years); their
serum thyroid stimulating hormone and free T4 levels were 15.2±5.4 µU/mL and
1.2±0.2 ng/dL, respectively. Hypercalcemia was observed in 12 out of 55 patients
under age 3 (22%) at the age of 14.3±6.6 months (7 to 28 months) with a mean
serum calcium level of 13.1±2.1 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: Endocrine dysfunctions are not
uncommon causes of morbidity in patients with WBS. The severity and outcomes of
their endocrine manifestations were heterogeneous. Long-term follow-up is needed
to predict the prognosis of endocrine features.