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2018 ; 8
(9
): 2496-2507
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Encoding activities of non-coding RNAs
#MMPMID29721095
Pang Y
; Mao C
; Liu S
Theranostics
2018[]; 8
(9
): 2496-2507
PMID29721095
show ga
The universal expression of various non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is now considered
the main feature of organisms' genomes. Many regions in the genome are
transcribed but not annotated to encode proteins, yet contain small open reading
frames (smORFs). A widely accepted opinion is that a vast majority of ncRNAs are
not further translated. However, increasing evidence underlines a series of
intriguing translational events from the ncRNAs, which were previously considered
to lack coding potential. Recent studies also suggest that products derived from
such novel translational events display important regulatory functions in many
fundamental biological and pathological processes. Here we give a critical review
on the potential coding capacity of ncRNAs, in particular, about what is known
and unknown in this emerging area. We also discuss the possible underlying coding
mechanisms of these extraordinary ncRNAs and possible roles of peptides or
proteins derived from the ncRNAs in disease development and theranostics. Our
review offers an extensive resource for studying the biology of ncRNAs and sheds
light into the use of ncRNAs and their corresponding peptides or proteins for
disease diagnosis and therapy.
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