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2014 ; 5
(7
): 697-702
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Effector triggered immunity
#MMPMID25513770
Rajamuthiah R
; Mylonakis E
Virulence
2014[]; 5
(7
): 697-702
PMID25513770
show ga
Pathogenic bacteria produce virulence factors called effectors, which are
important components of the infection process. Effectors aid in pathogenesis by
facilitating bacterial attachment, pathogen entry into or exit from the host
cell, immunoevasion, and immunosuppression. Effectors also have the ability to
subvert host cellular processes, such as hijacking cytoskeletal machinery or
blocking protein translation. However, host cells possess an evolutionarily
conserved innate immune response that can sense the pathogen through the activity
of its effectors and mount a robust immune response. This "effector triggered
immunity" (ETI) was first discovered in plants but recent evidence suggest that
the process is also well conserved in metazoans. We will discuss salient points
of the mechanism of ETI in metazoans from recent studies done in mammalian cells
and invertebrate model hosts.
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