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2016 ; 380
(1
): 237-42
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Ecological paradigms to understand the dynamics of metastasis
#MMPMID26458994
Amend SR
; Roy S
; Brown JS
; Pienta KJ
Cancer Lett
2016[Sep]; 380
(1
): 237-42
PMID26458994
show ga
The process by which prostate cancer cells non-randomly disseminate to the bone
to form lethal metastases remains unknown. Metastasis is the ultimate consequence
of the long-range dispersal of a cancer cell from the primary tumor to a distant
secondary site. In order to metastasize, the actively emigrating cell must move.
Movement ecology describes an individual's migration between habitats without the
requirement of conscious decision-making. Specifically, this paradigm describes
four interacting components that influence the dynamic process of metastasis: (1)
the microenvironmental pressures exerted on the cancer cell, (2) how the
individual cell reacts to these external pressures, (3) the phenotypic switch of
a cell to gain the physical traits required for movement, and (4) the ability of
the cancer cell to navigate to a specific site. A deeper understanding of each of
these components will lead to the development of novel therapeutics targeted to
interrupt previously unidentified steps of metastasis.
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