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Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis machinery in cancer
#MMPMID26628006
Hata A
; Kashima R
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol
2016[May]; 51
(3
): 121-34
PMID26628006
show ga
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integral to the gene regulatory network. A single miRNA is
capable of controlling the expression of hundreds of protein coding genes and
modulate a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as proliferation,
differentiation, stress responses, DNA repair, cell adhesion, motility,
inflammation, cell survival, senescence and apoptosis, all of which are
fundamental to tumorigenesis. Overexpression, genetic amplification, and
gain-of-function mutation of oncogenic miRNAs ("onco-miRs") as well as genetic
deletion and loss-of-function mutation of tumor suppressor miRNAs
("suppressor-miRs") are linked to human cancer. In addition to the dysregulation
of a specific onco-miR or suppressor-miRs, changes in global miRNA levels
resulting from a defective miRNA biogenesis pathway play a role in tumorigenesis.
The function of individual onco-miRs and suppressor-miRs and their target genes
in cancer has been described in many different articles elsewhere. In this
review, we primarily focus on the recent development regarding the dysregulation
of the miRNA biogenesis pathway and its contribution to cancer.
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