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2017 ; 198
(10
): 4036-4045
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Direct Antimicrobial Activity of IFN-?
#MMPMID28411186
Kaplan A
; Lee MW
; Wolf AJ
; Limon JJ
; Becker CA
; Ding M
; Murali R
; Lee EY
; Liu GY
; Wong GCL
; Underhill DM
J Immunol
2017[May]; 198
(10
): 4036-4045
PMID28411186
show ga
Type I IFNs are a cytokine family essential for antiviral defense. More recently,
type I IFNs were shown to be important during bacterial infections. In this
article, we show that, in addition to known cytokine functions, IFN-? is
antimicrobial. Parts of the IFN-? molecular surface (especially helix 4) are
cationic and amphipathic, both classic characteristics of antimicrobial peptides,
and we observed that IFN-? can directly kill Staphylococcus aureus Further, a
mutant S. aureus that is more sensitive to antimicrobial peptides was killed more
efficiently by IFN-? than was the wild-type S. aureus, and immunoblotting showed
that IFN-? interacts with the bacterial cell surface. To determine whether
specific parts of IFN-? are antimicrobial, we synthesized IFN-? helix 4 and found
that it is sufficient to permeate model prokaryotic membranes using synchrotron
x-ray diffraction and that it is sufficient to kill S. aureus These results
suggest that, in addition to its well-known signaling activity, IFN-? may be
directly antimicrobial and be part of a growing family of cytokines and
chemokines, called kinocidins, that also have antimicrobial properties.
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