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Diagnosis and Management of Transient Ischemic Attack
#MMPMID28157745
Coutts SB
Continuum (Minneap Minn)
2017[Feb]; 23
(1, Cerebrovascular Disease
): 82-92
PMID28157745
show ga
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the diagnosis, investigation, and
recommended management after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) and discusses how
to make an accurate diagnosis, including the diagnosis of mimics of TIAs. RECENT
FINDINGS: Up to a 10% risk of recurrent stroke exists after a TIA, and up to 80%
of this risk is preventable with urgent assessment and treatment. Imaging of the
brain and intracranial and extracranial blood vessels using CT, CT angiography,
carotid Doppler ultrasound, and MRI is an important part of the diagnostic
assessment. Treatment options include anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation,
carotid revascularization for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis, antiplatelet
therapy, and vascular risk factor reduction strategies. SUMMARY: TIA offers the
greatest opportunity to prevent stroke that physicians encounter. A TIA should be
treated as a medical emergency, as up to 80% of strokes after TIA are
preventable.
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