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2016 ; 1374
(1
): 202-9
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Development of sulfanegen for mass cyanide casualties
#MMPMID27308865
Patterson SE
; Moeller B
; Nagasawa HT
; Vince R
; Crankshaw DL
; Briggs J
; Stutelberg MW
; Vinnakota CV
; Logue BA
Ann N Y Acad Sci
2016[Jun]; 1374
(1
): 202-9
PMID27308865
show ga
Cyanide is a metabolic poison that inhibits the utilization of oxygen to form
ATP. The consequences of acute cyanide exposure are severe; exposure results in
loss of consciousness, cardiac and respiratory failure, hypoxic brain injury, and
dose-dependent death within minutes to hours. In a mass-casualty scenario, such
as an industrial accident or terrorist attack, currently available cyanide
antidotes would leave many victims untreated in the short time available for
successful administration of a medical countermeasure. This restricted
therapeutic window reflects the rate-limiting step of intravenous administration,
which requires both time and trained medical personnel. Therefore, there is a
need for rapidly acting antidotes that can be quickly administered to large
numbers of people. To meet this need, our laboratory is developing sulfanegen, a
potential antidote for cyanide poisoning with a novel mechanism based on
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) for the detoxification of cyanide.
Additionally, sulfanegen can be rapidly administered by intramuscular injection
and has shown efficacy in many species of animal models. This article summarizes
the journey from concept to clinical leads for this promising cyanide antidote.