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Springerplus
2016[]; 5
(?): 290
PMID27066327
show ga
Kidney diseases are becoming a major cause of global burden with high mortality
and morbidity. The origins of most kidney diseases are known, but for some the
exact aetiology is not yet understood. Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of
epidermal ridge patterns and it has been used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool
to detect or predict different medical conditions that have foetal origin.
However, there have been a limited number of studies that have evaluated a
dermatoglyphic relationship in different kidney diseases. The aim of this review
was to systematically identify, review and appraise available literature that
evaluated an association of different dermatoglyphic variables with kidney
diseases. This review is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. The PubMed(®) (Medline), POPLINE,
Cochrane Library and Trip Database and grey literature sources such as OpenGrey,
Google Scholar, and Google were searched to earliest date to 17 April 2014. Of
the 36 relevant publications, 15 were included in the review. Of these studies,
there are five case reports, seven case series and three comparative studies.
Possible association of dermatoglyphics with Wilms tumor (WT) had been evaluated
in two comparative studies and one case series that found fewer whorls and a
lower mean total ridge count (TRC). Another study evaluated adult polycystic
kidney disease (APCD) type III that revealed lower TRC means in all cases. All
other case series and case reports describe dermatoglyphics in various kidney
disease such as acro-renal-ocular syndrome, potter syndrome, kabuki makeup
syndrome, neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome, syndactyly type V, ring chromosome 13
syndrome, trisomy 13 syndrome and sirenomelia. It is evident that whorl pattern
frequency and TRC have been used widely to investigate the uncertainty related to
the origin of several kidney diseases such as WT and APCD type III. However,
small sample sizes, possibly methodological issues, and discrepancy in the make
up between cases and control groups limits interpretation of any significant
findings. Future studies with proper protocol, adequate cases, and control groups
may provide stronger evidence to resolve uncertainty related to the aetiology of
kidney diseases.
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