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2014 ; 24
(12
): 734-42
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Damage control: cellular mechanisms of plasma membrane repair
#MMPMID25150593
Andrews NW
; Almeida PE
; Corrotte M
Trends Cell Biol
2014[Dec]; 24
(12
): 734-42
PMID25150593
show ga
When wounded, eukaryotic cells reseal in a few seconds. Ca(2+) influx induces
exocytosis of lysosomes, a process previously thought to promote repair by
'patching' wounds. New evidence suggests that resealing involves direct wound
removal. Exocytosis of lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) triggers endocytosis
of lesions followed by intracellular degradation. Characterization of
injury-induced endosomes revealed a role for caveolae, sphingolipid-enriched
plasma membrane invaginations that internalize toxin pores and are abundant in
mechanically stressed cells. These findings provide a novel mechanistic
explanation for the muscle pathology associated with mutations in caveolar
proteins. Membrane remodeling by the ESCRT complex was also recently shown to
participate in small-wound repair, emphasizing that cell resealing involves
previously unrecognized mechanisms for lesion removal that are distinct from the
patch model.
|Calcium Signaling/genetics
[MESH]
|Caveolae/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Cell Membrane/genetics/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics
[MESH]