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2016 ; 26
(9
): 640-654
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DNA Polymerases Divide the Labor of Genome Replication
#MMPMID27262731
Lujan SA
; Williams JS
; Kunkel TA
Trends Cell Biol
2016[Sep]; 26
(9
): 640-654
PMID27262731
show ga
DNA polymerases synthesize DNA in only one direction, but large genomes require
RNA priming and bidirectional replication from internal origins. We review here
the physical, chemical, and evolutionary constraints underlying these
requirements. We then consider the roles of the major eukaryotic replicases, DNA
polymerases ?, ?, and ?, in replicating the nuclear genome. Pol ? has long been
known to extend RNA primers at origins and on Okazaki fragments that give rise to
the nascent lagging strand. Taken together, more recent results of mutation and
ribonucleotide incorporation mapping, electron microscopy, and
immunoprecipitation of nascent DNA now lead to a model wherein Pol ? and Pol ?,
respectively, synthesize the majority of the nascent leading and lagging strands
of undamaged DNA.